MONICA Manual, Part III, Section 1
March 1992
| 1. | Do you smoke cigarettes now? 1 = yes, regularly Go to 2. 2 = no Go to 5. 3 = occasionally Go to 3. |
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| 2. | On average, how many cigarettes do you smoke a day? Go to 7. Number: |
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| 3. | On how many days a week do you smoke cigarettes? 1 = usually on one day or less 2 = usually on 2 to 4 days 3 = almost every day |
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| 4. | On average, how many cigarettes do you smoke a day? Number: |
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| 5. | Did you ever smoke cigarettes regularly in the past? 1 = yes Go to 6. 2 = no Go to 9. |
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| 6. | When did you stop smoking cigarettes regularly?
Year, 19-- If in the last 12 months 1 = less than 1 month ago 2 = 1-6 months ago 3 = 6-12 months ago |
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| 7. | What is the highest average daily number of cigarettes you have ever smoked for as long as a year? Number: |
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| 8. | How old were you when you began to smoke cigarettes regularly? Age: |
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| 9. | Have you ever smoked cigars/cigarillos? 1 = now smoke regularly Go to 10. 2 = no Go to 11. 3 = now smoke occasionally (less than one/day) Go to 10. 4 = used to, but not now Go to 11. |
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| 10. | How many do you smoke per week? Number: | |__|__|__| |
| 11. | Have you ever smoked a pipe? 1 = now smoke regularly Go to 12. 2 = no Go to 13. 3 = now smoke occasionally (less than once a day) Go to 12. 4 = used to, but not now Go to 13. |
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| 12. | About how many grams of tobacco do you smoke per week? Grams: |
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| 13. | To be completed by occasional and non-smokers only (i.e. when item 1 is coded 2 or 3): For how many hours, on average each day, are you closely subjected to other people's tobacco smoke? |
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The Smoking Questionnaire is based upon that recommended in Cardiovascular Survey Methods (WHO 1982). It has been modified because during the first MONICA Population Survey some problems were identified. The changes are to allow the separation of occasional cigarette smokers from regular smokers and also to clarify the information obtained for past smoking. In addition, a question on passive smoking has been added. In countries where snuff or oral tobacco is used, MCCs are advised to collect their own information as to the extent.
It is not recommended that this questionnaire should be self-administered; rather it should be administered by a trained survey worker. Self-administration with checking by a trained survey worker is, however, acceptable. The boxes are provided for the final code for all items to obviate the need for transfer coding which tends to generate errors. An MCC will need to redesign the questionnaire if it is intent on having it self-administered.
The code number for the answer identified as correct should be entered into the boxes. Make sure that the code is written clearly and legibly. If the code is not clear or a mistake is made, draw a cross in every box of the question concerned and enter the full code above the box(es). Draw a horizontal line through the boxes for irrelevant questions, i.e. when the skip rule causes particular questions to be by-passed (an example of a completed questionnaire is given at the end of these instructions). Immediately after a Questionnaire has been completed, scan the questionnaire carefully to make sure that no boxes have been left blank. Make good any deficiencies while the subject is still present. Individual MCCs may have local variations of these general instructions, depending on their form design and data management procedures.
The following coding rules should be followed by all MCCs. For each of the questions, Code 9 should be entered for insufficient data but should be used very sparingly, i.e. only in extreme situations, for instance if the person refuses to answer the question.
Do you smoke cigarettes now? (CIGS)
| Code 1 | if a regular cigarette smoker. Include subjects who smoke hand-rolled cigarettes regularly. |
| Code 2 | if a non-smoker, i.e. if a person does not smoke cigarettes at all (Go to 5) |
| Code 3 | is used when the person smokes cigarettes but usually less than one cigarette per day (Go to 3). |
On average, how many cigarettes do you smoke a day? (NUMCIGS)
Code the average number of cigarettes smoked daily. Include subjects who smoke hand-rolled cigarettes regularly (Go to 7). If the answer to Question 2 is irrelevant, i.e. the answer to Question 1 = 2 or 3, draw a horizontal line through the boxes.
On how many days a week do you smoke cigarettes? (DAYCIGS)
| Code 1 | if usually on one day or less a week. Include "holiday smokers" who smoke fairly regularly for a few weeks a year but only one day a week or less for most of the year. |
| Code 2 | if usually on 2-4 days a week. |
| Code 3 | if almost every day. |
On average, how many cigarettes do you smoke a day? (NUMCIGS)
Code the average number of cigarettes smoked per day. In many cases the answer is obtained by dividing the number of cigarettes smoked per week by 7 and rounding to the nearest whole number, i.e. if the subject usually smokes 3 cigarettes at most per week, code 000; if the subject smokes on average from 4 to 10 cigarettes per week, code 001; and if 20 cigarettes at the weekend, code 003.
This should only be answered by those who have answered 3 to Question 1, otherwise skip the question.
Draw a horizontal line through the boxes if this question is skipped.
NOTE: This question is the same as Question 2 but is not asked for the same subject. If either one of the questions has been asked, the answer should be entered for NUMCIGS in the data transfer format.
Did you ever smoke cigarettes regularly in the past? (EVERCIG)
| Code 1 | if yes. |
| Code 2 | if No (Go to 9). |
This should only be completed for Non-smokers, i.e. CIGS = 2 and for occasional smokers CIGS = 3.
Draw a horizontal line through the box if this question is skipped.
When did you stop smoking cigarettes regularly? (STOP)
Enter the year of smoking cessation (if the subject cannot be sure of the exact year, please give an estimate).
If in the last 12 months (IFLYEAR) -
| Code 1 | if less than 1 month ago |
| Code 2 | if 1-6 months ago |
| Code 3 | if 6-12 months ago. |
This should only be answered for those who replied Yes to Question 5.
Draw a horizontal line through the boxes if this question is skipped.
What is the highest average daily number of cigarettes you have ever smoked for as long as a year? (MAXCIGS)
Code the number of cigarettes smoked per day. The purpose of this question is to get a round idea of how heavily the subject has smoked in the past.
Draw a horizontal line through the boxes if this question is skipped.
How old were you when you began to smoke cigarettes regularly? (CIGAGE)
Code age in years.
Draw a horizontal line through the boxes if this question is skipped.
Have you ever smoked cigars or cigarillos? (CIGARSM)
| Code 1 | if now smoke regularly |
| Code 2 | if No (Go to 11) |
| Code 3 | if now smoke occasionally (less than one/day) |
| Code 4 | if used to, but not now (Go to 11). |
How many do you smoke per week? (CIGAR)
Enter the actual number of cigars or cigarillos smoked per week.
Draw a horizontal line through the boxes if this question is skipped.
Have you every smoked a pipe? (PIPESM)
| Code 1 | if now smoke regularly |
| Code 2 | if No (Go to 13) |
| Code 3 | if now smoke occasionally (less than once a day) |
| Code 4 | if used to, but not now (Go to 13) |
About how many grams of pipe tobacco do you smoke per week? (PIPE)
Enter the number of grams (1 ounce = 30 grams).
Draw a horizontal line through the boxes if this question is skipped.
For how many hours, on average each day, are you closely subjected to other people's tobacco smoke? (OTHERSM)
To be completed for occasional and non-smokers only.
"Closely subjected" in this context implies that the subject is aware of seeing and smelling, or inhaling the tobacco smoke.
Try to estimate an average for the number of hours each day over the seven days of the week, as exposure to other people's tobacco smoke may vary throughout the week.
It does not matter that the answer for many subjects will be 00 or 01, as this question aims to determine the proportion of occasional and non-smoking subjects who are exposed to other people's tobacco smoke to a substantial degree.
Draw a horizontal line through the boxes if this question is skipped.